Injuries to the Pelvis | Introduction | Medical Student Ed

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Cornerstone of this sqadia.com lecture is injuries to the pelvis. Various injuries elaborated in this lecture include pelvic fractures, pelvic colon, avulsion fractures, pelvic ring fractures, urogenital injuries, acetabular fractures, anterior wall and column fractures, transverse fracture, T-shaped fracture, pelvic discontinuity, and injuries to the sacrum and coccyx. Some classification systems on the basis of which injuries are classified are also discussed i.e. young and burgess classification, and Letournel classification along with Kocher-Langenbeck approach and ilioinguinal approach.

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Lecture Duration - 01:05:54
Release Date - July 2020

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PELVIC FRACTURE ASSESSMENT
Pelvic fractures account for less than 5% of skeletal injuries. At first, surgical anatomy is highlighted. After that, pelvic colon is discussed. Then, clinical assessment of pelvic fractures is comprehensively elaborated. Next, imaging of the bony pelvis comes under consideration where plain AP X-ray of pelvis and chest X-ray is carried out initially in severely injured patients. AP radiograph of injury investigates five zones of injury i.e. sacroiliac joint area, ilium, the teardrop, the obturator foramen, and symphysis pubis. Moreover, the use specialized radiographs is also reported along with imaging of the urinary tract.

ISOLATED PELVIC RING FRACTURE
Initially, avulsion fractures are discussed which are of rectus femoris origin and hamstring origin. Then stress fractures of pubic rami are elaborated. Following this, pelvic ring fractures which arise due to high energy injury are pursed. Afterwards, light is shed on young and burgess classification. In addition to this, information is revealed about lateral compression, vertical shear injuries, and tile classification. For treatment of pelvic ring fractures, ATLS protocol is followed along with pelvic binder and other management techniques. Moreover, operative fixation and urogenital injuries are illuminated.

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ACETABULAR FRACTURES
Primarily, diagrammatic representation of acetabular fractures is given. Following this, elemental fractures and associated fractures are discussed which are categorized under Letournel classification. Then, posterior wall fracture is discussed which occur when leg is fixed. Moreover, anterior wall and column fractures along with transverse fracture and T-shaped fracture are pursued. Subsequently, pictorial illustration of Kocher-Langenbeck approach and ilioinguinal approach is given. Later in this section, pelvic discontinuity and injuries to the sacrum and coccyx are reported.
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