Amblyopia | Ophthalmology Video Lectures | Medical Student

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Amblyopia is a substantial reduction in vision and is also called as ‘lazy eye’. This occurs in the absence of any detectable retinal or ocular abnormalities. It is divided into various types. These include accommodative and anisometropic amblyopia along with the deprivation and degradation amblyopia. The former can be corrected using glasses. New treatment strategy involves the use of levodopa (L-dopa) which is a precursor of dopamine.

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Lecture Duration - 00:46:21
Release Date - July 2019

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TYPES OF AMBLYOPIA
Amblyopia can exist bilaterally but usually it occurs unilaterally. It is the most common cause of monocular vision loss in children. Prevalence lies between 0.2 to 5.5%. It has various types. These include anisometropic amblyopia and degradation amblyopia. It leads to the reduction in the number of binocular cortical cells. It is caused by formation of neural connections to visual cortex.

DEPRIVATION AMBLYOPIA
Deprivation amblyopia is another type of amblyopia. Visual effects include reduced visual activity and vernier activity alongside stereopsis. In strabismic amblyopia, strabismus is treated first together with muscle surgery. Deprivation amblyopia can either be congenital or early acquired media opacity. A test used for estimating level of vision is called binocular fixation pattern.

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AMBLYOPIA TREATMENT
Amblyopia treatment includes use of lenses or glasses. Accommodative and anisometropic amblyopia can be corrected with glasses. In case of image degradation amblyopia, an intraocular lens (IOL) can be implanted. Severe ptosis can be surgically treated. A relatively new treatment involves the use of levodopa (L-dopa).

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