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Play, download and edit the free video Hyponatremia | Medical Video Lectures | Student Online Education | sqadia.com.

This Medicine lecture focuses on the explanation of Hyponatremia. Hyponatremia treatment guidelines and hyponatremia pathophysiology are in detailed described. This lecture of Dr. Laraib Munir clarifies hyponatremia and hypernatremia will be explained in the next lecture.

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Lecture Duration - 00:48:08
Release Date - January 2020

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Hyponatremia, which is defined as a plasma Na+ concentration less than 135 mM, is a very common disorder, occurring in up to 22% of hospitalized patients. This disorder is almost always the result of an increase in circulating AVP and/or increased renal sensitivity to AVP, combined with an intake of free water; a notable exception is hyponatremia due to slow salute intake.

Hyponatremia pathophysiology explains that the exaggerated or “inappropriate” AVP response differs in patients with hyponatremia as a function of their ECFV. Hyponatremia is thus subdivided diagnostically into three groups, depending on clinical history and volume status, i.e. hypovolemic, euvolemic, and hypervolemic.

Hyponatremia can occasionally occur in patients with a very low intake of dietary solutes. Acute hyponatremia is when sodium levels drop rapidly, resulting in potentially dangerous effects, such as rapid brain swelling, which can result in coma and death. Then comes the explanation of causes of Acute Hyponatremia.

Hyponatremia induces generalized cellular swelling, a consequence of water movement down the osmotic gradient from the hypotonic ECF to the ICF. The symptoms of hyponatremia are primarily neurologic, reflecting the development of cerebral edema within a rigid skull.
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In chronic hyponatremia, sodium levels drop gradually over 48 hours or longer — and symptoms and complications are typically more moderate. Persistent, chronic hyponatremia results in an efflux of organic osmolytes (creatine, betaine, glutamate, myoinositol, and taurine) from brain cells; this response reduces intracellular osmolality and the osmotic gradient favouring water entry.

In the end of this hyponatremia lecture Dr. Laraib Munir explains the clinical features and Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome. Furthermore, laboratory investigation and diagnostic evaluation along with Urine Electrolytes & Osmolality is explained in detail. Educator ends hyponatremia guidelines by explaining hyponatremia treatment guidelines. After getting subscription on sqadia.com, Medical students can get hyponatremia pdf notes for free and can solve their hyponatremia case study easily.

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