CNS Stimulants | Pharmacology Video Lectures | Medical Education | V-Learning
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CNS stimulants are drugs which stimulate brain and increase the muscular and the mental activities. The two most common stimulants are psychomotor stimulants and hallucinogens. Methylxanthines are alkaloids that can be found in high concentrations in tea, coffee, and chocolate. Also, nicotine and amphetamines together with methylphenidate and hallucinogens are deliberated.
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METHYLXANTHINES
CNS stimulants include psychomotor stimulants and hallucinogens. Also, theophylline, caffeine and theobromine fall under the category of methylxanthines. Each has their distinct effects on various body systems.
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Lecture Duration - 00:50:42
Release Date - January 2019
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NICOTINE
Nicotine is an active ingredient found in tobacco and is the second most widely used CNS stimulant. Varenicline acts by blocking nicotine receptors. Nicotine crosses the blood brain barrier and increases blood pressure. Also, withdrawal syndrome has been brought under discussion.
AMPHETAMINES
In the beginning, amphetamine and its mechanism of action have been explained. It acts on adrenergic system. Moreover, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) along with narcolepsy and appetite suppression are deliberated.
METHYLPHENIDATE
Methylphenidate is a schedule II drug which has a pharmacologically active isomer (dexmethylphenidate). This acts by causing DAT and NET inhibition. This drug is used in the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy. And this is contraindicated in glaucoma and inhibits metabolism of warfarin and phenytoin.
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OTHER STIMULANTS AND HALLUCINOGENS
Varenicline is a partial agonist at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. On the contrary, cocaine is a highly active schedule II drug which causes intense euphoria. It acts by blocking DAT, NET and SERT. In the end, light has been shed on hallucinogens which include lysergic acid duethylamide (LSD) and tetrahydrocannabinol.
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